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I turbulenta tider, då grundläggande rättigheter och begränsningar för maktutövning utmanas, ökar betydelsen av de gränser som den konstitutionella rätten ställer upp för utövandet av offentlig makt. Samtidigt blir det konstitutionellrättsliga läget allt mer komplext, inte minst på grund av europarättens inflytande.

Konstitutionell rätt behandlar den konstitutionella rättens tre centrala teman: maktdelning och andra förutsättningar för utövande av offentlig makt, skyddet för grundläggande rättigheter samt rättsligt genomdrivande av konstitutionellrättsliga normer. Utifrån dessa tre teman behandlar författarna konstitutionella bestämmelser med ursprung i svensk nationell rätt, EU-rätten och Europakonventionen om mänskliga rättigheter.

Boken är anpassad för att kunna användas som lärobok på juristutbildningen, men riktar sig också till en bredare publik. Konstitutionell rätt är relevant läsning för såväl erfarna jurister som läsare som är intresserade av konstitutionella frågor mer allmänt. Denna tredje upplaga är påtagligt omarbetad och utvidgad.

83:T71a,Sedan 2007 har en ny kategori av preventiva hemliga tvångsmedel vuxit fram i svensk rätt. Till skillnad från vad som tidigare gällt syftar dessa tvångsmedel inte till att utreda brott, utan till att ge polisen verktyg att i sin underrättelseverksamhet förhindra brott genom inhämtning av uppgifter om elektronisk kommunikation. Den nya lagstiftningen har på många sätt inneburit ett tydligt avsteg från sedan länge etablerade principer för hemliga tvångsmedel och tidpunkten när sådana intrång i den personliga integriteten får ske. I denna rättsvetenskapliga avhandling analyseras de proportionalitetsöverväganden som legat till grund för lagstiftningsåtgärder som gett Säkerhetspolisen mandat att hämta in uppgifter om elektronisk kommunikation i myndighetens underrättelseverksamhet. Lagstiftarens proportionalitetsöverväganden, så som de uttryckts i förarbetena, analyseras utifrån konstitutionella teorier om proportionalitet med fokus på hur tre faktorer påverkat lagstiftarens överväganden: Lagstiftarens förhållningssätt till arbetet för rikets säkerhet, rätten till personlig integritet och till den tekniska utvecklingen inom området. En jämförelse görs också med tidigare gjorda avvägningar för att illustrera förändringar i resonemangen rörande dessa faktorer över tid. Studien visar på skiften i vilken utgångspunkt och vilka värden som präglat lagstiftarens överväganden, där den preventiva ansatsen möjliggjorts av inte bara en ny syn på målet med säkerhetsarbetet utan även genom en förändrad syn på den personliga integriteten. Vidare illustreras vissa problem med lagstiftarens förhållningssätt till teknisk utveckling och de proportionalitetsanalyser som legat till grund för lagstiftningen. Akademisk avhandling.84:T5fc,

Vid kriser som Estoniakatastrofen, tsunamin eller skogsbranden i Västmanland måste myndigheter kunna agera snabbt och effektivt tillsammans. Men detta måste ske utan att lagar överträds och utan att principerna för rättsstaten bryts, något som kan vara utmanande. Dessutom bygger vår krisberedskap i stort på principer och målsättningar som saknar ett bestämt juridiskt innehåll, till exempel ansvars- och närhetsprincipen, och på förhoppningar om att myndigheter och andra offentliga och privata aktörer övat samverkan och förmår komma överens.

I denna bok utreds de rättsliga förutsättningarna för krishantering. Därtill ställs frågan hur detta sätt att reglera och styra agerandet i krissituationer faktiskt upplevs av de aktörer som är berörda. Förstår de vad som förväntas, tycker de att detta är genomförbart och uppfattar de var de rättsliga gränserna går?

I boken diskuteras också om denna regleringsform gett upphov till oväntade gränsdragningsproblem och principiella konflikter i styrningen, och hur dessa i så fall förhåller sig till etablerade rättsstatliga principer om bland annat klarhet, koherens, rimlighet och kongruens.

Jan Engberg och Malin E. Wimelius är lektorer i statsvetenskap. Per Bergling är professor i rättsvetenskap och Markus Naarttijärvi är lektor i rättsvetenskap. De är alla verksamma vid Umeå universitet. Erik Wennerström är jur.dr och generaldirektör för Brå samt tidigare särskild utredare i NISU 2014.

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